Innovación abierta entre universidades y empresas locales: condiciones, complejidades y retos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36390/telos233.12Resumen
El objetivo del artículo fue analizar el modelo de innovación abierta de la universidad pública Latinoamericana y los principales factores que influyen en éste. Se estudió la interacción entre la universidad con el ecosistema, políticas de innovación, la gestión de la innovación y tecnología, y el perfil de la comunidad académica. La metodología de investigación fue cualitativa, y el proceso se integró en tres fases para identificar categorías de innovación abierta, categorizar la interacción entre la universidad con el ecosistema de innovación en cuatro universidades públicas mexicanas y triangularlo con el comportamiento universitario latinoamericano a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a seis académicos. Los principales hallazgos mostraron que la innovación abierta es una plataforma factible para vincular a la universidad con empresas locales a pesar de su contexto heterogéneo y desigual; se identificaron cuatro flujos colaborativos entre la universidad y el ecosistema –desde dentro, desde afuera, mixto e híbrido-. En conclusión, enfoques interdisciplinarios, redes tecno-institucionales y la política institucional inciden en la innovación abierta universitaria, y la comunidad académica es una variable mediadora. Finalmente, se destacó que es necesaria una nueva reinstitucionalización de políticas de innovación universitaria con base en transformaciones digitales y sostenibilidad ambiental para incidir significativamente en el ecosistema.
Palabras clave: innovación abierta; innovación abierta universitaria; transferencia de conocimiento desde la universidad; vinculación universidad-empresa; estrategias de colaboración.
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